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Protein analysis has found widespread applications in biomedical fields (e.g., disease diagnosis and precision medicine), especially recently in point-of-care testing (POCT). Conventional protein analysis is large-equipment-dependent, which limits its applications in POCT. Herein, we proposed a strategy using a shaped liquid entity, termed liquid plasticine (LP), as a platform to perform isoelectric focusing (IEF)-based protein analysis. The LP-IEF system mainly consisted of a separation channel, a catholyte module and an anolyte module, which were all in the form of self-standing liquid micro-containers with specific shapes and connected together. The basic functions of the LP-IEF system were examined using three standard proteins, with the results showing a clear separation, 10-folds concentration, and a resolution of 0.03 pH, meaning that this system could serve for pretreatment and analysis of proteins from complex physiological samples. The developed LP-IEF system was further demonstrated as a colorimetric quantitative analytical platform of clinical microalbuminuria with a relative error of a-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor (AMBP) in clinical diabetic urines. The LP-IEF system proposed in this work opens a flexible, versatile, and low-cost way for POCT of proteins, which could inspire many practical applications in future. References [1] J. C. Niu, T. Zhou, L. L. Niu, Z. S. Xie, F. Fang, F. Q. Yang, Z. Y. Wu, Simultaneous Pre-concentration and Separation on Simple Paper-based Analytical Device for Protein Analysis, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 410.6 (2018): 1689-1695. Doi:10.1007/s00216-017-0809-5. [2] X. G. Li, H. X. Shi, Y. Y. Hu, Rod-shaped Liquid Plasticine for Gas Diffusion Detection, Soft matter, 15(15), 3085-3088. Doi:10.1039/c9sm00362b. |
