| Popis: |
Science is changing from day to day very rapidly. Understanding the crucial events of the biologic system is of paramount importance, governed by the genetic architecture of individual organisms, so far as the genetic code is concerned. “Genomics” is an innovative area of research that paves not only the way for individualized therapies tailored to each person, but also identification and eradicative measures of specific patients who are at high risk of certain abnormalities. Accessing the genetic code of a person could provide tremendous information about the diagnosis and therapeutic efficacy at a lower cost not only at the individual level but at the level of race and ethnicity. Innovation in high-throughput technology for genetic analysis, storage of these data, and the use of complex algorithms could accelerate the precision medicine and personalized treatments. Since the Human Genome Project the implications of the genomics field have progressed to a large extent. New initiatives are being taken by the National Institute of Health, putting particular emphasis on the genetic variations of individuals with a more appropriate context to understanding cancer therapeutics and resistance. Significant cohort studies and clinical trials have elucidated outstanding results, which makes it transparent that the field is a benefaction and boon to the current era. Owing to the inherent computational challenge, integrating genomic and clinical data by studying the genotype–phenotype association is a breakthrough in understanding the genetic basis of drug response and disease severity. There is no doubt that the genomics field enabled a significance advancement in the medical field starting from therapeutic development, healthcare delivery, and population health management, which provides a tremendous impact on the national economy so far as the reduction in disease cost and information industry setup is concerned. Although a country like Australia has shown itself as a significant hub, there is a search for a more substantial infrastructure and massive funding in developing countries like India. In this review the authors are focused on genomics in clinical care through precision medicine and personalized treatments. |
