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This paper presents the results of a series of experiments to determine the influence of eleven different cutting fluids on the power required to plane and drill an annealed S.A.E. 3150 steel. This investigation was conducted as a project of the Subcommittee on Cutting Fluids of the A.S.M.E. Special Research Committee on the Cutting of Metals, by the Department of Engineering Research of the University of Michigan, with funds provided by Engineering Foundation. The object was to secure definite performance data for certain limited conditions as a preliminary step to a comprehensive study of cutting fluids. The force required to cut metal by planing for a single tool shape was determined for a variety of feeds and depths of cut. A formula for the planing force is developed as a function of the cutting fluid, the depth of cut, and the feed as P = CD0.95f0.79. The torque, thrust, and power required to drill the S.A.E. 3150 steel are determined for a variety of drill diameters and feeds for each of the eleven cutting fluids. Formulas for each of these factors are developed as a function of the cutting fluid, the feed, and the drill diameter. Torque T = Cf 0.78 d 1.8 thrust B = Kf 0.87 ( d 5 + w d ) 2.12 . The results show clearly the relative advantages from a power standpoint of the various oils studied, and the constants C and K provide for the influence of the cutting fluid used. All data are presented graphically. An attempt is made to correlate various physical and chemical properties of the cutting fluids with the results of their cutting performance. It appears that cooling is the primary requisite of a cutting fluid rather than lubrication. |
