| Popis: |
The disposal of medicines by health establishments, such as pharmacies and drugstores, for the most part, is not based on a health service waste management plan. Thus, the incorrect disposal of waste from health services by these establishments becomes a feasible reality and increasingly common to observe. The present study was constructed through a literature review shows a theoretical, explanatory and exploratory character with a qualitative approach regarding the proposed theme, in addition to presenting solutions to the problems pointed out. The article addresses, as a central axis, the problem of incorrect waste disposal in health establishments, in addition, it explains the consequences that improper disposal of this waste can bring to human and environmental health, highlights the rational use of medicines and the importance of the clinical pharmacist in stimulating this conduct, describes innovative policies adopted in American and European countries, discusses from the classification of each health service waste how it should be properly disposed of, after its term of use, and mentions policies adopted by some Brazilian states that aim for sustainable development and mitigate the impacts that these residues can bring to human health and the environment. The incorrect disposal of waste from health establishments can cause digestive changes in human health, such as gastrointestinal disorders, liver and kidney failure, episodes that affect the central nervous system such as: agitation, anxiety, respiratory depression, coma. Many of these residues, when disposed of incorrectly, favor bacterial resistance, mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Policies such as reverse logistics and campaigns for the proper disposal of drug residues are some actions that have been successful in the correct disposal of healthcare waste in Brazil. The clinical pharmacist for having a range of knowledge about medicines and adverse effects has become a professional increasingly required in health establishments not only to ensure adequate management of waste from health services, but also to encourage the rational use of medicines by the population. |
