Contribution à l’identification des champignons de post-récolte associés aux amandes de Ricinodendron heudelotii et Garcinia kola collectées dans les Hauts Plateaux de l’Ouest Cameroun

Autor: Raoul Takuete, Gabin Régis Zena Dongmo, Naomi Fenohi, Joseph Fovo Djeugap, Pierre Teguefouet, Narcisse Dongmo Kenfack
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
Zdroj: International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences. 11:1840
ISSN: 1997-342X
1991-8631
DOI: 10.4314/ijbcs.v11i4.33
Popis: Au Cameroun, les amandes de Ricinodendron heudelotii et Garcinia kola souffrent de diverses maladies fongiques responsables de pertes post-recolte elevees dont l’etiologie reste encore inconnue. La presente etude a pour objectif de determiner le profil fongique des champignons de post-recolte associes a ces deux produits forestiers non ligneux (PFNL) comestibles. Ainsi, les amandes de ces PFNL ont ete collectees dans trois departements des Hauts Plateaux de l’Ouest Cameroun. L’isolement des champignons s’est fait sur le milieu gelose pomme de terre dextrose agar. L’identification des champignons s’est basee sur l’observation et la description des caracteristiques du mycelium et des fructifications au microscope optique en se referant a differentes cles de determination. Les resultats montrent que 8 et 11 especes fongiques ont ete isolees et identifiees chez les amandes de R. heudelotii et de G. kola respectivement. Chez R. heudelotii , les especes les plus frequentes etaient A. niger (36,8%), A. flavus (23,9%), R. nigricans (18,6%) et P. digitatum (14,8%) tandis que chez G. kola , les especes les plus frequemment isolees etaient A. niger (38,6%), Penicillium citrinum (14,9%) et Trichoderma sp (12,04%). Les champignons A. niger , A. flavus , Penicillium sp et Rhizopus sp isoles chez ces deux PFNL sont reputes dans la litterature comme etant des contaminants des denrees en stock. Ces resultats signales pour la premiere fois chez les amandes de R. heudelotii et G. kola constituent des donnees de bases essentielles pour developper des strategies de lutte contre les maladies de ces deux PFNL afin de reduire les pertes post-recolte. © 2017 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Mots cles: Amandes, Ricinodendron heudelotii , Garcinia kola , Champignons, post-recolte, Frequence d’isolement English Abstract In Cameroon, Ricinodendron heudelotii and Garcinia kola kernels are infected with many fungal diseases not yet identified which are responsible of high post-harvest losses. The aim of this study was to make an inventory of post-harvest fungi associated with these edible non-timber forest products (ENTFP). Kernels were collected from three different Divisions in the Western highland zone of Cameroon. Isolation of fungi was performed using potato dextrose agar medium. Identification of fungi was carried out based on the cultural and morphological characteristics of mycelium and spores according to documented keys of fungal identification. The results show that 8 and 11 fungal species were isolated in R. heudelotii and G. kola respectively. The species Aspergillus niger (36.8%), A. flavus (23.9%) and Rhizopus nigricans (18.6%) were more frequent in R. heudelotii kernels while in G. kola , A. niger (38.6%), Penicillium citrinum (14.9%) and Trichoderma sp (12.04%) were the most common species that were isolated. The literature describe A. niger , A. flavus , Penicillium sp and Rhizopus sp isolated on these two ENTFP as commonly implicated in the postharvest deterioration of many kernels, fruits and vegetables. These results which are reported for the first time in R. heudelotii and G. kola are essential database which can be suitable to develop control measures of observed diseases in order to reduce post-harvest losses. © 2017 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: Kernels, Ricinodendron heudelotii , Garcinia kola , post-harvest, fungi, isolation frequency
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: