Hydrogenation of levulinic acid into gamma-valerolactone over in situ reduced CuAg bimetallic catalyst: Strategy and mechanism of preventing Cu leaching
| Autor: | Jinxia Zhou, Xudong Sun, Jingbo Mao, Li Shenmin, Li Zhang, Chunshan Song, Jingmei Yin, Xinwen Guo |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Process Chemistry and Technology
02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences Catalysis 0104 chemical sciences gamma-Valerolactone chemistry.chemical_compound X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy chemistry Electronic effect Levulinic acid Leaching (metallurgy) 0210 nano-technology Bimetallic strip Tetrahydrofuran General Environmental Science Nuclear chemistry |
| Zdroj: | Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 232:1-10 |
| ISSN: | 0926-3373 |
| Popis: | Metal leaching is a major issue in efficient production of γ-valerolactone (GVL) from levulinic acid (LA) under mild reaction conditions. In this study, Ag was added to Cu-supported γ-Al2O3 catalyst to suppress Cu leaching in the hydrogenation of LA into GVL. The CuAg/Al2O3 catalyst was reduced in situ during the reaction, and Cu leaching in the solution was significantly suppressed. The bimetallic catalyst without reduction pretreatment achieved approximately 100% yield to GVL and exhibited good reusability in nine consecutive cycles under mild reaction conditions of 180 °C and 1.4 MPa H2 pressure in tetrahydrofuran (THF). The strong interplay in the geometric and electronic effects between Cu and Ag was verified through XPS, H2-TPR, TEM, STEM/EDS, and XRD analyses. This paper extensively discussed the mechanism of Ag on preventing Cu leaching and the superiority of in situ reduction in solution over external reduction in gas. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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