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Fridtjof Nansen (1861-1930) played a major part in building international humanitarian operations after the First World War. He was the League of Nations High Commissioner for Repatriation of Prisoners of War (1920-22), led the Red Cross famine relief to Soviet Russia (1921-23), and became the first High Commissioner for Refugees in 1921. Nansen had some spectacular successes, particularly in his firstrole, but also experienced failures due in no small measure to the international balance of power: he did not manage to settle refugees in the Armenian Soviet Republic or to have the League take responsibility for famine relief in Russia. Thesesuccesses and failures serve as a micro-cosmos of the League and the formation of international civil society in general. |
