Carbon polyaniline capacitive deionization electrodes with stable cycle life
| Autor: | Samuel F. Evans, Devin J. Wilson, Costas Tsouris, Marko R. Ivancevic, Amit K. Naskar, Zachary D. Hood, Shiba P. Adhikari, M. Parans Paranthaman |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
Capacitive deionization Mechanical Engineering General Chemical Engineering chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology General Chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Microstructure Capacitance chemistry.chemical_compound Surface coating Adsorption 020401 chemical engineering chemistry Chemical engineering Electrode Polyaniline General Materials Science 0204 chemical engineering 0210 nano-technology Carbon Water Science and Technology |
| Zdroj: | Desalination. 464:25-32 |
| ISSN: | 0011-9164 |
| Popis: | Electrode materials for capacitive deionization (CDI), an energy efficient method for desalination, were developed in this work. Waste-tire derived carbon (TC) coated with polyaniline was used to form a carbon polymer composite (CPC). CPC was used as an electrode in CDI configurations to determine the salt adsorption capability of the material. Chemical treatment of TC with KOH led to an enhancement in surface area to 952 m2/g and microporosity in the sub-2-nm range. This unique microstructure is considered to be beneficial for effective ion uptake in CDI applications. The capacitance of the electrodes was further enhanced through surface coating with polyaniline, resulting in a specific capacitance of 168.2 F/g. In batch cell testing with 1.2 V applied potential, the salt adsorption capacity (SAC), measured in mg of salt adsorbed per gram of active material, in a 1500–1700 ppm KCl solution was measured at 14.2 mg/g. Scale-up of the process with ionic-membrane-assisted CDI (MCDI) led to improvement in SAC at 18.9 mg/g. Further, cycling tests revealed that the electrodes had comparable or better longevity compared to other CDI materials, retaining >92.8% charging capacity after 300 cycles. High adsorption capacities for other salts such as LiCl, NaCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2 have been found. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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