Critical role of Zn/Sn ratio to enhance Cu-Zn-Sn-S solar cell efficiency by suppressing detrimental Cu2-xS secondary phase
| Autor: | Mukesh Kumar, Naveen Kumar, Heydar Honarvar Nazari, Kulwinder Kaur, Mohit Sood, Tara P. Dhakal, Ganesh Sainadh Gudavalli |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Fabrication
Materials science Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment 02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences Isotropic etching Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells 0104 chemical sciences Surfaces Coatings and Films Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials law.invention chemistry.chemical_compound Solar cell efficiency chemistry Chemical engineering law Etching (microfabrication) Phase (matter) Solar cell CZTS 0210 nano-technology |
| Zdroj: | Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 179:22-30 |
| ISSN: | 0927-0248 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.solmat.2018.02.005 |
| Popis: | The co-existing secondary phases, in off-stoichiometric Cu-Zn-Sn-S (CZTS) solar cells, are one of the main causes of performance gap between earth abundant CZTS and matured Cu-In-Ga-Se (CIGS) solar cells technology. Highly metallic Cu-S based secondary phases provide shunting paths to the current flow and critically affect the device performance. Several chemical etchants have been developed and used to remove conductive Cu2-xS phase from CZTS absorber surface before device fabrication. Present work is mainly focused to tune the Zn/Sn composition ratio in co-sputtered CZTS active layer to suppress the formation of Cu2-xS phase during the growth itself to eliminate the additional step of etching in device fabrication. Significant reduction of Cu2-xS secondary phase was observed with decreased Zn/Sn ratio, which resulted in more than 3 times efficiency enhancement for the final composition. The fabricated solar cell in the stacking order of Ag/ITO/i-ZnO/CdS/CZTS/Mo/SLG with optimum composition showed an efficiency of 6.11% without any antireflection coating. Controlling the Zn/Sn ratio resulted in an effective and virtuous solution to avoid the detrimental secondary phases like Cu2-xS, which conventionally required a chemical etching treatment. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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