Symptom Versus Performance Validity in Patients with Mild TBI: Independent Sources of Non-credible Responding
| Autor: | Alana G. Sabelli, Laszlo A. Erdodi, Natalie May, Isabelle Messa, Luciano Giromini, Jonathan D. Lichtenstein |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
050103 clinical psychology
business.industry Traumatic brain injury 05 social sciences Neuropsychology Context (language use) Cognition Emotional functioning medicine.disease 03 medical and health sciences Psychiatry and Mental health 0302 clinical medicine Medicine 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences In patient business Law Neurocognitive 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Clinical psychology Psychopathology |
| Zdroj: | Psychological Injury and Law. 14:17-36 |
| ISSN: | 1938-9728 1938-971X |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s12207-021-09400-6 |
| Popis: | This study was designed to examine the relative contribution of symptom (SVT) and performance validity tests (PVTs) to the evaluation of the credibility of neuropsychological profiles in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). An archival sample of 326 patients with mTBI was divided into four psychometrically defined criterion groups: pass both SVT and PVT; pass one, but fail the other; and fail both. Scores on performance-based tests of neurocognitive ability and self-reported symptom inventories were compared across the groups. As expected, PVT failure was associated with lower scores on ability tests (ηp2 .042–.184; d 0.56–1.00; medium-large effects), and SVT failure was associated with higher levels of symptom report (ηp2 .039–.312; d 0.32–1.58; small-very large effects). However, SVT failure also had a marginal deleterious effect on performance based measures (ηp2 .017–.023; d 0.23–0.46; small-medium effects) and elevations on self-report inventories were observed in the context of PVT failure (ηp2 .026; d 0.23–0.57; small-medium effects). SVT failure was associated with not only inflated symptom reports but also distorted configural patterns of psychopathology. Patients with clinically elevated somatic and depressive symptoms were twice as likely to fail PVTs. Consistent with previous research, SVTs and PVTs provide overlapping, but non-redundant information about the credibility of neuropsychological profiles associated with mTBI. Therefore, they should be used in combination to afford a comprehensive evaluation of cognitive and emotional functioning. The heuristic value of validity tests has both clinical and forensic relevance. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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