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In Reply. —Informed consent for victims of war crimes and protection of confidentiality of all evidence in a case, including DNA evidence, is, of course, essential. It is also important that standardized procedures for DNA testing be applied. Two concerns over forensic DNA testing should be distinguished. First, as alluded to by Drs Geller and Rauch, the quality of the evidentiary samples and performance of the DNA test procedure must meet minimum technical standards. The National Research Council has called for accreditation of DNA laboratories that are stringent but are well within the capabilities of most modern molecular biology laboratories. 1 In the United States, compliance with TWGDAM (The Technical Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods) standards has been recognized by the National Research Council as meeting generally accepted standards of practice. Their report endorsed these procedures as fundamentally sound for use in investigations and court cases. Similar standards for |