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Summary The effect of induction duration, medium form and medium composition on plant regeneration from microspore-derived embryo-like structures (ELS) in anther culture of two genetically non-related spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes was investigated using liquid W14 as a basic induction medium. Induction duration had a significant effect on the regeneration capacity of ELS. The highest percentage (63 %) of regenerable ELS was obtained with 7 weeks of induction whereas the corresponding values with 6, 8 and 12 weeks were 57 %, 38 % and 9 %, respectively. Application of ficoll to the medium, changing the medium form from liquid to solid during the induction or supplementing the medium with glutamine, maltose, cellobiose or trehalose neither increased the number of ELS nor improved plant regeneration. The average number of ELS per 100 anthers decreased from 75 to 9 but the percentage of regenerable ELS increased from 53 % to 75 %, when sucrose was replaced by cellobiose. We conclude that there was an optimum time for maximum plant regeneration and that ELS should be transferred from induction to regeneration no later than 7 weeks after anther isolation. |
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