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Endometriosis is a pathology described since the 19th century that affects women in reproductive age. It is characterized as the presence of endometrial glandular or stromal cells outside the endometrial cavity, provoking a pathologic inflammatory response. The pathogenesis still remains uncertain. Endometriosis is a complex disease with heterogeneous phenotypic and clinical presentations. Until now, there are no noninvasive tests to make a diagnosis of endometriosis, and the gold standard is surgery, in which in addition to the procedure it is possible to treat, with risks inherent to the procedure. This chapter covers many biomarkers that have already been researched in an attempt to obtain a test with high sensitivity and specificity for noninvasive diagnosis of endometriosis. |
