Archetypes of community wildfire exposure from national forests of the western US
| Autor: | Cody R. Evers, Palaiologos Palaiologou, Alan A. Ager, Max Nielsen-Pincus, Ken Bunzel |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Community resilience
Ecology business.industry media_common.quotation_subject Environmental resource management 0211 other engineering and technologies Poison control 021107 urban & regional planning 02 engineering and technology Vegetation 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law 01 natural sciences Urban Studies Geography Scale (social sciences) Service (economics) Threatened species Wildland–urban interface business Risk management 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Nature and Landscape Conservation media_common |
| Zdroj: | Landscape and Urban Planning. 182:55-66 |
| ISSN: | 0169-2046 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.10.004 |
| Popis: | Risk management typologies and their resulting archetypes can structure the many social and biophysical drivers of community wildfire risk into a set number of strategies to build community resilience. Existing typologies omit key factors that determine the scale and mechanism by which exposure from large wildfires occur. These factors are particularly important for land managing agencies like the US Forest Service, which must weigh community wildfire exposure against other management priorities. We analyze community wildfire exposure from national forests by associating conditions that affect exposure in the areas where wildfires ignite to conditions where exposure likely occurs. Linking source and exposure areas defines the scale at which cross-boundary exposure from large wildfires occurs and the scale at which mitigation actions need to be planned. We find that the vast majority of wildfire exposure from national forests is concentrated among a fraction of communities that are geographically clustered in discrete pockets. Among these communities, exposure varies primarily based on development patterns and vegetation gradients and secondarily based on social and ecological management constraints. We describe five community exposure archetypes along with their associated risk mitigation strategies. Only some archetypes have conditions that support hazardous fuels programs. Others have conditions where managing community exposure through vegetation management is unlikely to suffice. These archetypes reflect the diversity of development patterns, vegetation types, associated fuels, and management constraints that exist in the western US and provide a framework to guide public investments that improve management of wildfire risk within threatened communities and on the public lands that transmit fires to them. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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