| Popis: |
Globalization, imbalance in development of states, economic and political crises, search for a better life and military action often force people to leave their usual places of residence. A significant component of migration processes is illegal migration, which is especially dangerous when carried out by sea. The fragmentary nature of modern legal research in this area has led to the choice of the article to describe modern organizational and legal mechanisms to counteraction illegal migration by sea in the ongoing pandemic and develop proposals for their improvement. Based on the application of research methodology, which combines a number of general scientific (dialectical, historical) and special legal (formal legal, scientific forecasting) methods of scientific research, the article clarifies the dynamics of migration processes in the modern world. With the Mediterranean region serving as the example, their illegal component is characterized. Political, legal and organizational directions of cooperation of states in the counteraction against illegal migration are singled out, with the description of their relationship provided. It is noted that the availability of modern legal instruments has not helped to cope with the increasing number of migration flows and the consequences of illegal migration in the mid‑2010s in the EU. The impact of border restrictions due to the spread of the COVID‑19 pandemic was not significant. The decline in illegal migration in the Mediterranean region is due to other organizational measures. It is concluded that it is currently necessary to ensure high-quality implementation of international law, IMO and other international institutions’ recommendations. There is the need to develop and improve bylaws directly related to counteraction illegal migration at sea. The responsibility of states, their vessels and rescue services and migrants on board vessels that do not meet maritime safety requirements should also be addressed. |
