Antimicrobial activity of Piper aduncum leaf extracts against the dental plaque bacteria Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis
| Autor: | Kênia Valéria dos Santos, Rodrigo Loreto Peres, Chaiana Froés Magalhães, Ezequias P. Siqueira, Carlos L. Zani, Elaine Alves de Oliveira, Anderson A. Andrade |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Pharmacology biology Piper aduncum Chemistry 030106 microbiology Broth microdilution Pharmaceutical Science Pathogenic bacteria 030206 dentistry Plant Science biology.organism_classification Antimicrobial medicine.disease_cause Dental plaque medicine.disease Streptococcus mutans Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences Streptococcus sanguinis Minimum inhibitory concentration 0302 clinical medicine Complementary and alternative medicine Drug Discovery medicine |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 10:331-337 |
| ISSN: | 1996-0875 |
| DOI: | 10.5897/jmpr2015.5956 |
| Popis: | Piper aduncum has been widely used for medicinal purposes, and it has also been known to possess antimicrobial activity. Dental plaque is a complex ecosystem that harbors benign and pathogenic bacteria. It is desirable that compounds targeted to treat dental plaque-related diseases should be selective in their action, preserving the benign bacteria and inactivating the pathogenic ones. Thus, the study evaluated the antibacterial activity of P. aduncum leaf extracts against cariogenic (Streptococcus mutans) and health-associated (Streptococcus sanguinis) bacterium. For this, ethanol extracts were obtained by decoction, maceration, Soxhlet or turbo-extraction. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts was determined using the broth microdilution method. The influence of extracts on virulence traits of S. mutans was evaluated by the adherence assay to glass surface and by the glycolytic pH drop assay. S. mutans was more susceptible to crude extracts of P. aduncum than S. sanguinis and the highest activity was obtained with the maceration extract (MAC). Thus, MAC was further fractionated by gel permeation chromatography and the most active fraction against S. mutans (MIC of 0.08 mg/mL) had a MIC of 0.62 mg/mL for S. sanguinis. In addition, this fraction inhibited sucrose-dependent adherence of S. mutans and also reduced the level of acid production by this bacterium. The preferential activity of P. aduncum extracts towards S. mutans compared with S. sanguinis, in addition to their ability to inhibit sucrose-dependent adherence and reduce the level of acid production by S. mutans, suggest that this plant may have a potential to prevent dental caries. Key words: Plant extracts, Piper aduncum, antibacterial activity, Streptococcus mutans, caries prevention. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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