Isoxadifen-Ethyl Derivatives Protect Rice from Fenoxaprop-P-Ethyl–associated Injury during the Control of Weedy Rice
| Autor: | Dongqiang Zeng, Renhai Wu, Hongle Xu, Wenwei Tang, Wangcang Su, Changchao Shen |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Oryza sativa food and beverages Biological activity 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Plant Science Biology 01 natural sciences Phenoxy herbicide Hydrolysis chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry Agronomy Seed treatment Herbicide safener 040103 agronomy & agriculture 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Phytotoxicity Agronomy and Crop Science 010606 plant biology & botany Weedy rice |
| Zdroj: | Weed Science. 65:579-587 |
| ISSN: | 1550-2759 |
| DOI: | 10.1017/wsc.2017.27 |
| Popis: | Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, a phenoxy herbicide of the aryloxy–phenoxy–propionic acid group, had a strong control effect when applied POST to weedy rice in this study, with the effective concentrations of 294 μM and 218 μM of herbicide causing 50% inhibition (IC50) in plant height and fresh weight values, respectively. However, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl caused phytotoxicity in cultivated rice. Isoxadifen-ethyl, a widely used herbicide safener in rice, can decrease the phytotoxicity caused by fenoxaprop-P-ethyl. Owing to the extremely similar morphological features and physiological properties of weedy and cultivated rice, it is not practical to spray isoxadifen-ethyl directly on cultivated rice plants to safen them. Applying the safener directly to cultivated rice seeds may be a practical alternative method. To improve the biological activity of isoxadifen-ethyl seed treatments, novel compounds were designed by splicing other groups, including amines, amino acids, and 2- methoxy-5-nitrophenol sodium salt, to the parental structure of isoxadifen-ethyl. Through hydrolysis, acyl chlorination, acyl amination, and esterification, a series of isoxadifen-ethyl derivatives were synthesized and their structures were determined by mass spectrometry and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The biological activities of five of the isoxadifen-ethyl derivatives, which possessed recovery effects similar to isoxadifen-ethyl, were able to relieve herbicide phytotoxicity. In pot experiments, isoxadifen-ethyl showed almost no activity as a seed treatment, while three derivative compounds, when used independently as seed treatments, were able to prevent the damage caused by fenoxaprop-P-ethyl. The results will help to develop a new control method for weedy rice, thereby decreasing production costs and increasing farmers’ incomes.Nomenclature: Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl; isoxadifen-ethyl; rice, Oryza sativa L. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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