| Popis: |
Obesity has been around for more than 20 000 years, as evidenced by statuettes produced in the Stone Age. Body mass index (BMI), calculated as weight divided by the square of the height, is one of the simplest and most common ways of defining obesity. A BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 is classed as normal. BMI values of 25.0–29.9 suggest overweight, and any values over 30 are deemed obese. Across populations, BMI is closely associated with whole body adiposity, and the cut-off levels for overweight and obesity reflect the increasing risk of metabolic, cardiovascular, and other complications of obesity as BMI increases above the normal range. Obesity is widely agreed to be caused by a prolonged period of energy imbalance. In 95% of cases, it is due to the impact of an obesogenic lifestyle (overconsumption of energy and/or insufficient energy expenditure) on a variable background of genetic susceptibility. The remaining cases are caused by certain drugs, specific endocrine diseases, and monogenic syndromes. |
