Сучасні отруйні речовини як терористична загроза суспільству
| Autor: | V.S. Tkachyshyn, O.Yu. Aleksiichuk, O.M. Arustamian |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | EMERGENCY MEDICINE. :11-20 |
| ISSN: | 2307-1230 2224-0586 |
| DOI: | 10.22141/2224-0586.2.73.2016.74730 |
| Popis: | The use of toxic substances in the modern practice for the purpose of sabotage creates a significant terrorist threat to the entire society today. Special laboratories, where toxic substances are developed for special services, in recent years work towards strengthening the impact of toxins on human organs and systems, as well as concealing their traces in the body of the object of poisoning. At the same time, clinical picture of poisoning should be similar to that of acute cardiovascular failure, respiratory viral infections with severe intoxication syndrome and pulmonary edema to hide traces of the crime. Zootoxinology, phytotoxinology and toxinology of microorganisms — the main sections of toxinology that study toxic process due to the damage by poisons (toxins) of animals, plants and infectious agents, respectively, the chemical nature of these poisons, their toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics. The most toxic poisonous substances in modern toxinology are vegetable alkaloids and a number of heavy metals and their compounds. This article considers the topical issues of clinical and pathogenetic features of poisoning by such substances, as ricin, dioxin, iron pentacarbonyl, nickel carbonyl aconitine, anisatin, abrin and polonium-210. The paper, in addition to detailing of physico-chemical, toxicological and clinical characteristics, also describes some historical information on poisoning by these substances, which were recently involved in the commission of acts of sabotage in several countries. It should be noted that at the present time to determine very small amounts of toxic substances, such laboratory methods are widely used: emission spectral analysis, atomic absorption spectroscopy, polarography, various types of chromatography, activation analysis. Since every year in the world there is a growing varieties of poisonous substances, further study of the structure, physico-chemical and toxicological properties, as well as effects on the body of a number of sabotage poisons is important for world medicine as a whole. Objective: to study the properties and influence of modern toxic substances on the human body, which can be used for the purpose of sabotage. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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