Use of inorganic fluxes to control morphology and purity of crystalline késterite and related quaternary chalcogenides
| Autor: | Will J. Marshall, Roger H. Senigo, Brian M. Fish, Alex Sergey Ionkin |
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| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
chemistry.chemical_classification
Morphology (linguistics) Sulfide Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment Analytical chemistry chemistry.chemical_element engineering.material Thermal expansion Surfaces Coatings and Films Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials chemistry.chemical_compound Flux (metallurgy) chemistry Selenide engineering Organic chemistry Kesterite Phase purity Selenium |
| Zdroj: | Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 104:23-31 |
| ISSN: | 0927-0248 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.solmat.2012.04.042 |
| Popis: | An inherently safe method of preparing crystalline quaternary chalcogenides, which are of interest to photovoltaic applications, has been developed. Mixed sulfide/selenide derivatives with a general formula of Cu 2 ZnSnS x Se 4− x , where x ranges from x =4 to x =0, were prepared in good chemical and phase purity from binary sulfides or elements in molten cesium-containing salts, and the products were isolated and characterized by X-ray analysis. The unit cells for the sulfide/selenide series show a linear expansion with increasing levels of selenium. Morphology of Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 crystals can be controlled by the nature of the flux, e.g., from trilled needles in CsCl flux to isotropic polyhedrons in CsCl/BaCl 2 . Purity estimates by Rietveld refinements of X-ray data were found to be 99% for Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 , 97% for Cu 2 ZnGeS 4 , and 98% for Cu 2 CdSnS 4 . |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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