Ultra-Low-Loss Silicon Nitride Optical Beamforming Network for Wideband Wireless Applications
| Autor: | Adam R. Wichman, Jean Kalkavage, Eric J. Adles, Thomas R. Clark, Jonathan Klamkin, Yuan Liu, Brandon Isaac |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Physics
Beamforming Discrete mathematics business.industry Nonlinear optics 02 engineering and technology True time delay Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics law.invention Resonator chemistry.chemical_compound 020210 optoelectronics & photonics Silicon nitride chemistry law 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Wireless Dipole antenna Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wideband business |
| Zdroj: | IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics. 24:1-10 |
| ISSN: | 1558-4542 1077-260X |
| Popis: | Three optical ring resonator (ORR)-based integrated ultra-low-loss silicon nitride $\text{1}\times \text{4}$ optical beamforming networks (OBFNs) for millimeter-wave (mmW) beamsteering are reported. The group delay ripple of multi-ORR delay line was theoretically optimized and quantitatively studied by applying a genetic algorithm. The optimized 3-ORR delay true time delay (TTD) responses were experimentally achieved with $\text{208.7}\,\text{ps}$ and $\text{172.4}\,\text{ps}$ of delay tuning range for bandwidth of $\text{6.3}\,\text{GHz}$ and $\text{8.7}\,\text{GHz}$ , corresponding to a phase shift of $\text{17.1}\pi$ and $\text{14.1}\pi$ for $\text{41}\,\text{GHz}$ mmW signal. The TTD performance of the 3-ORR delay line was also verified by controlling the delay of $\text{3}\,\text{Gbps}$ data stream. A $\text{22}^{\circ }$ beamsteering angle equivalent OBFN delay distribution was achieved for $\text{41}\,\text{GHz}$ half-wavelength dipole antenna array. Both the theoretical analysis and experiments exhibit that the topology with one ring shared could balance the system complexity and TTD bandwidth well. Using heterodyne up-conversion technology and a single delay path, $\text{41}\,\text{GHz}$ mmW signal with $\text{3}\,\text{Gbps}$ OOK NRZ data modulation was generated and delayed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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