| Autor: |
Francis Mwimanzi, Hope R Lapointe, Peter K Cheung, Yurou Sang, Fatima Yaseen, Rebecca Kalikawe, Sneha Datwani, Laura Burns, Landon Young, Victor Leung, Siobhan Ennis, Chanson J Brumme, Julio S G Montaner, Winnie Dong, Natalie Prystajecky, Christopher F Lowe, Mari L DeMarco, Daniel T Holmes, Janet Simons, Masahiro Niikura, Marc G Romney, Zabrina L Brumme, Mark A Brockman |
| Rok vydání: |
2023 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Open Forum Infectious Diseases. 10 |
| ISSN: |
2328-8957 |
| Popis: |
BackgroundLonger-term immune response data after 3 doses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccine remain limited, particularly among older adults and after Omicron breakthrough infection.MethodsWe quantified wild-type- and Omicron-specific serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G levels, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 displacement activities, and live virus neutralization up to 6 months after third dose in 116 adults aged 24–98 years who remained COVID-19 naive or experienced their first severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during this time.ResultsAmong the 78 participants who remained COVID-19 naive throughout follow up, wild-type- and Omicron-BA.1-specific IgG concentrations were comparable between younger and older adults, although BA.1-specific responses were consistently significantly lower than wild-type-specific responses in both groups. Wild-type- and BA.1-specific IgG concentrations declined at similar rates in COVID-19-naive younger and older adults, with median half-lives ranging from 69 to 78 days. Antiviral antibody functions declined substantially over time in COVID-19-naive individuals, particularly in older adults: by 6 months, BA.1-specific neutralization was undetectable in 96% of older adults, versus 56% of younger adults. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, experienced by 38 participants, boosted IgG levels and neutralization above those induced by vaccination alone. Nevertheless, BA.1-specific neutralization remained significantly lower than wild-type, with BA.5-specific neutralization lower still. Higher Omicron BA.1-specific neutralization 1 month after third dose was an independent correlate of lower SARS-CoV-2 infection risk.ConclusionsResults underscore the immune benefits of the third COVID-19 mRNA vaccine dose in adults of all ages and identify vaccine-induced Omicron-specific neutralization as a correlate of protective immunity. Systemic antibody responses and functions however, particularly Omicron-specific neutralization, decline rapidly in COVID-19-naive individuals, particularly in older adults, supporting the need for additional booster doses. |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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