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The article is devoted to the consideration of psychological preconditions for the study of professional stress in special conditions of activity. It is noted that modern psychology presents a wide range of concepts and corresponding models of occupational stress. This diversity reflects the difference in research positions in understanding what stress is and how this concept can be operationalized. In addition to the classic dilemma in the initial interpretation of the term "stress" as a set of causes and factors that cause increased tension and complicate the solution of behavioral problems, or the actual state of the subject, which arises from various complications, in recent years a number of new theories and their empirical applications. The development of most concepts of occupational stress is associated with the awareness of the need to analyze indirect factors and / or individual characteristics that play a fundamental role in the development of stress reactions and their fixation in the form of persistent negative manifestations. Research in the field of occupational stress in general has an empirical focus and is a description of various factors that determine the development of stress, methods and mechanisms of human adaptation to working conditions, a set of diagnostic techniques and optimization procedures. The development of stress is due to a large number of reasons, an important place among which are factors of psychological and social nature. The severity and phenomenology of stress in a particular person depend on the characteristics of the emotional and personal sphere, individual experience and the context of group and organizational interactions within which professional activities are carried out. |
