A century of Chinook salmon consumption by marine mammal predators in the Northeast Pacific Ocean
| Autor: | Brandon E. Chasco, Kristin N. Marshall, Jesse Adams, Isaac C. Kaplan, Eric J. Ward, Alejandro Acevedo-Gutiérrez |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Zalophus californianus Population 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Marine mammal biology.animal Marine ecosystem education Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics education.field_of_study Ecology biology Whale 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology Applied Mathematics Ecological Modeling biology.organism_classification Computer Science Applications Fishery Computational Theory and Mathematics Modeling and Simulation Forage fish Oncorhynchus Eumetopias jubatus |
| Zdroj: | Ecological Informatics. 34:44-51 |
| ISSN: | 1574-9541 |
| Popis: | As many marine mammal populations have increased following bans on their harvest, there has been a growing need to understand potential impacts of these population changes on coastal marine ecosystems. Quantifying consumption of prey species, such as fish, is particularly important when those same prey are also targeted by commercial fisheries. Estimating the impact of marine mammal predators on prey fish depends upon knowledge of marine mammal diet composition; scientific advances over the last century have improved understanding of diets but have also led to inconsistent methods that challenge attempts at synthesis and comparison. Meta-analysis techniques offer the opportunity to overcome such challenges, yet have not been widely applied to synthesize marine mammal diets over space and time. As a case study, we focus on synthesizing diet studies of Chinook (king) salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) by four species of marine mammal predators in the Northeast Pacific Ocean: Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus), California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), harbor seals (Phoca vitulina), and killer whales (Orcinus orca). We also highlight several simple meta-analyses for which these types of diet databases may be employed. Our assembled database consists of > 330 records, spanning more than 100 years. Results indicate that the frequency of occurrence of Chinook salmon in killer whale studies is high (63%) relative to pinniped studies ( |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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