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The role of myogenic and neural control systems in esophageal motility was studied in anesthetized opossums by applying electrical pulses at 20 to 40 v, and 100 to 400msec pulse width directly to muscle layers, by cervical vagal stimulation (10 to 25 pulses per sec, 0.5 to 5-msec pulse width, 10 to 40 v), and by balloon distention. Direct muscle stimulation resulted in a propagated contraction in 13 of 22 opossums (proximal propagation from a distal stimulation site and vice versa). The velocity of propagation was of the same order of magnitude as that of a spontaneous swallow ( |
