Discriminación condicional de orientación espacial en la propia conducta de ratas Wistar adultas y jóvenes
| Autor: | Jairo A. Rozo, Leidy Tatiana Bustos Marín, Guillermo Ruiz Narváez, Jaime Enrique Gaitán Torres, Andres M. Pérez-Acosta, José Luis Álvarez Posada |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Tesis Psicológica. 13:1-25 |
| ISSN: | 2422-0450 1909-8391 |
| DOI: | 10.37511/tesis.v13n2a5 |
| Popis: | espanolLa autodiscriminacion condicional es la capacidad aprendida que han demostrado los animales para discriminar aspectos propios como la conducta, los estados internos o la propia imagen. Este concepto corresponde a la version conductista de la autoconciencia -darse cuenta de si mismo-. El presente estudio pretendio explorar experimentalmente la relacion entre la edad y la capacidad de adquisicion de la autodiscriminacion condicional. Se desarrollo para tal fin, un paradigma experimental de igualacion a la muestra para estudiar la discriminacion condicional de la orientacion espacial de la propia conducta en ratas, en un laberinto en “Y” simetrico que permite controlar claves externas de orientacion espacial, ademas de lograr secuencias de ensayos seguidos sin intervencion del experimentador. Se efectuo un primer estudio piloto con ocho sujetos adultos de la cepa Wistar (19 a 32 semanas de edad durante el estudio) y, posteriormente, se efectuo el estudio experimental con los cuatro sujetos jovenes (7 a 23 semanas de edad durante el estudio). El indice de discriminacion requerido para demostrar la adquisicion fue de 0,8 en al menos un ensayo. En el estudio piloto, seis de ocho sujetos adultos lograron el criterio requerido, mientras que, en el grupo experimental, tres de cuatro sujetos jovenes alcanzaron el criterio. Si bien ambos grupos mostraron una tendencia de adquisicion de la autodiscriminacion condicional, los ritmos de adquisicion fueron distintos segun la edad, coherentemente con la hipotesis de U invertida de la ontogenia del aprendizaje, es decir: los sujetos mas jovenes aprenden mas lentamente que los adultos. Para corroborar la hipotesis mencionada, se requiere un estudio adicional con sujetos viejos, que completen el ciclo vital. Nuestros hallazgos ontogeneticos complementan estudios comparados de la autoconciencia animal, que dan pistas sobre la filogenia de este proceso. EnglishConditional self-discrimination is the learned ability that animals have shown to discriminate aspects of the individual, such as their own behavior, their own internal states or their own image. This concept corresponds to the behavioral version of self-awareness. Some authors suggest that this process have a phylogenetic course and depends on the social structure of the species. However, we have not detected research on its ontogenetic course. This study aimed to explore experimentally the relationship between age and the acquisition of conditional self-discrimination. In particular, a matching-to-sample experimental paradigm of conditional discrimination of the spatial orientation of the own behavior in rats was developed in a symmetric Y-maze. This type of labyrinth allows controlling external keys of spatial orientation, in addition to allow sequences of trials followed without the intervention of the experimenter. A first pilot study was conducted with eight adult subjects of the Wistar strain (weeks 19 t o 32 of age) and, subsequently, the experimental s t u d y was carried out with the four young subjects (weeks 7 t o 23 of age). Comparison stimuli associated with spatial orientation of the own behavior ("previous turn to the left" vs. "previous turn to the right") were geometric figures (triangle vs. circle) of yellow color on a black background. Discrimination index required to demonstrate acquisition was 0.8 in at least one trial. In the pilot study, six of eight adult subjects achieved the required level, while, in the experimental group, three of four young subjects achieved the criterion. Although both groups showed a tendency to acquire conditional self-discrimination, the acquisition rhythms were different according to age, consistent with the inverted U hypothesis of the ontogeny of learning, that is: younger subjects learn more slowly than adult ones. However, to complete the test of such hypothesis, an additional study is required with older subjects. Our ontogenetic findings complement the comparative studies of animal self-awareness, which give clues of the phylogeny of this process |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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