| Popis: |
In the context of rising environmental concerns about Antarctica, the negotiation of a mining agreement and a deep economic crisis, Brazil placed their expectations on the natural resources of the Antarctic. To that end, it acceded to the convention on marine living resources and looked for special consideration for developing countries under the mining agreement, together with India, China and Uruguay. The mining agreement of 1988 was eventually rejected, and a comprehensive environmental framework was negotiated for Antarctica, resulting in the Protocol on Environmental Protection of 1991. The fifty-year mining moratorium imposed by the protocol, changes in the international system and in the domestic setting reflected on changes in Brazil’s Antarctic policy, including a more thorough environmentalist attitude, an orientation towards Latin-American partners and the increasing importance given to the scientific character of the programme. However, these changes were also accompanied by financial difficulties and instabilities, especially concerning Antarctic research. |
