Application of CAR T cells for the treatment of solid tumors
| Autor: | Jonathan F Khan, Renier J. Brentjens, Abdul Salam Khan |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Tumor microenvironment biology business.industry T cell medicine.medical_treatment Immunotherapy CD19 Chimeric antigen receptor Cell therapy 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology 0302 clinical medicine medicine.anatomical_structure Antigen 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis biology.protein Cancer research Medicine business B cell |
| Popis: | CAR T cell therapy of cancers promises to revolutionize oncology by harnessing the powers of synthetic biology and immunotherapy in a single agent. CARs are synthetic receptors composed of an extracellular antigen binding domain and one or more intracellular signaling domains which act in concert to activate the T cell upon antigen recognition. CARs targeting B cell associated CD19 demonstrated robust in vivo cytolytic activity, expansion, and persistence upon antigen exposure paving the way for clinical application of this technology and ultimately FDA approval for pediatric and young adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia as well as patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma. However, these successes have not yet been replicated in the arena of solid tumors. Unlike hematologic malignancies, solid tumors present numerous challenges in the form of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this chapter, we will highlight clinical application of CAR T cells in solid tumors, discuss hurdles that have impeded CAR T cell function in these malignancies, and propose methods to overcome these limitations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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