Radio frequency quadrupole technology: Evolution and contributions to mass spectrometry

Autor: John F. J. Todd, Raymond E. March
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Zdroj: International Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 377:316-328
ISSN: 1387-3806
Popis: Just as 2013 marks the centenary of the birth of mass spectrometry through the publication of Thomson’s classic book ‘Rays of Positive Electricity and Their Application to Chemical Analyses’, it is also exactly six decades since Paul and Steinwedel filed their first German patent ‘Verfahren zur Trennung bzw. Zum getrennten Nachweis von Ionen verschiedener spezifischer Ladung’ (‘Method for separating or separately detecting ions of different specific charges’) on 24th December, 1953. This patent described the quadrupole mass filter (QMF) and the three-dimensional quadrupole ion trap (3D-QIT), both of which operate by confining ions mass-selectively through the application of radio frequency quadrupolar potentials to appropriate electrode structures. In the ensuing 60 years since the initial description of these devices the impact of quadrupole technology upon mass spectrometry as a whole has been truly remarkable, especially when combined with chromatographic separation methods and/or other types of mass analysers. This retrospective article will aim to trace the principal milestones in the evolution of transmission quadrupoles (the QMF, quadrupole beam guides, and triple quadrupole tandem instruments) and of trapping quadrupoles (the 3D-QIT and, the more recent, linear quadrupole ion trap (LQIT)), both as stand-alone instruments and in various hybrid configurations. Recent research advances into quadrupole technology itself will be discussed; an account of ion trapping in the Kingdon trap and the Orbitrap™ mass spectrometer is included in the Supplementary Information for comparison.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: