Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Acidophilic Bacteria Leptospirillum ferriphilum and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, Members of a Chemolithotrophic Microbial Consortium
| Autor: | Tamara F. Kondrat'eva, A. E. Panyushkina, A. V. Belyi, A. G. Bulaev, Iraida A. Tsaplina |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Sulfobacillus thermotolerans biology ved/biology Chemistry Ferroplasma acidiphilum Leptospirillum ferriphilum Microorganism 05 social sciences ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans Microbial consortium biology.organism_classification Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Microbiology Thiobacillus Ferrous 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology 0502 economics and business 050203 business & management |
| Zdroj: | Microbiology. 87:326-338 |
| ISSN: | 1608-3237 0026-2617 |
| Popis: | A thermoacidophilic consortium of chemolithotrophic microorganisms oxidizing the concentrate of high-pyrrhotite pyrite−arsenopyrite ore at 38–40°C was isolated. The most active members of the consortium were identified as Leptospirillum ferriphilum, Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, Ferroplasma acidiphilum, and Sulfobacillus thermotolerans. Leptospirillum and Thiobacillus species were the most numerous members of the consortium and had the highest activity of ferrous iron and sulfur oxidation, respectively. The optimal temperature values for the growth of both isolates were within 35–38°C. The optimal ranges of initial pH were 1.0–1.2 and 1.75–1.85 for leptospirilla and 1.7–3.3 for thiobacilli with the pH optimum of 1.9. Significant polymorphism and specific cyclic growth with formation of vibrios, spirilla, rods with different end shape, spiral filaments, numerous “pseudococci,” and densely packed spiral filaments surrounded by a sheath were revealed for the Leptospirillum isolate. Two latter morphoforms of L. ferriphilum were not previously described. Differences in ability of the morphoforms to oxidize Fe2+ were revealed. For the first time, the possibility of growth in the presence of organic substances was demonstrated for A. thiooxidans. The rates of growth and substrate oxidation, cell size, and the maximal cell yield decreased insignificantly in comparison with the lithoautotrophic strain. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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