| Popis: |
This chapter presents an overview of the several spinal disorders from a mechanical perspective. An understanding of these disorders can assist in the design and development of spinal instrumentation. Normal function of the human spine is possible due to a complex interaction of its components (i.e., vertebrae, ligaments, discs, rib cage, and muscles). One of the spinal disorders is scoliosis. It is the structural deformity of the spine in the frontal plane. The usual vertical orientation of the spine in the frontal plane is disturbed, leading to a lateral curvature of spine. This chapter also discusses intervertebral disc disease. It is a broad term used to describe alteration of the bio-mechanical properties of the disc through degenerative disease. It occurs due to aging, or may be caused by overloading or underloading. Moreover, Once degeneration sets in, the intervertebral disc goes through a cascade of degenerative changes that result in biomechanical alteration of load transfer through the disc. The spinal column is one of the most common sites of cancer metastasis. Therefore, for pain management of the spine metastasis, radiotherapy is conducted and when radiotherapy is not effective, surgical intervention is considered. |
