Reaction Extrema: Extent of Reaction in General Chemistry
| Autor: | Roger L. DeKock, Jonathon E. Vandezande, Douglas A. Vander Griend |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Chemical Education. 90:1177-1179 |
| ISSN: | 1938-1328 0021-9584 |
| Popis: | Nearly 100 years ago de Donder introduced the term “extent of reaction”, ξ. We build on that work by defining the concept of reagent extrema for an arbitrary chemical reaction, aA + bB ⇄ yY + zZ. The central equation is ξi = −ni,0/νi. The symbol ξi represents the reagent extremum for the chemical entity i; ni,0 represents the initial molar amount of entity i, and νi is its stoichiometric number, which is positive for products and negative for reactants. A reagent extremum exists for each reactant and each product; those of reactants are zero or positive, and the least positive of these is the reaction extremum to the right, ξmax; those of products are zero or negative, and the least negative is the reaction extremum to the left, ξmin. These two boundary values, called reaction extrema, indicate the maximum extent to which the reaction can progress in the forward or reverse direction, respectively. The ξmax and ξmin values are an important pedagogical tool for a quantitative understanding of chemical rea... |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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