| Popis: |
In three experiments, adult humans experienced a feature-positive or featurenegative letter discrimination task. The distinctive feature was a match in letters on one side of the card, i.e., the identity relation. In Experiment 1, the matching letters were next to each other, or separated by one other letter, or separated by two other letters. Feature-positive persons solved the task in significantly fewer trials than feature-negative persons. In Experiment 2, separate groups of feature-positive and feature-negative persons performed tasks where the matching letters were next to each other, or separated by one other letter, or separated by two other letters. Feature-positive persons solved the task in significantly fewer trials, and there was a trend toward faster learning when the matching letters were closer together. In Experiment 3, separate groups of feature-positive and feature-negative persons performed tasks where the matching letters were separated by one letter or were separated by three letters. Feature-positive persons solved the task significantly faster than feature-negative persons, and there was significantly faster learning when the matching letters were closer together. These results indicate that the identity relation can serve as a distinctive feature in visual discrimination problems. |
