Abnormalities of Cerebellar Structure and Function in Alcoholism and Other Substance Use Disorders
| Autor: | Jessica W. O'Brien, Shirley Y. Hill |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Drug
Elementary cognitive task medicine.medical_specialty Cerebellum media_common.quotation_subject Addiction Brain Structure and Function Cognition behavioral disciplines and activities medicine.anatomical_structure nervous system mental disorders medicine Substance use Family history Psychiatry Psychology media_common |
| DOI: | 10.1016/b978-0-12-800213-1.00053-5 |
| Popis: | Substance use disorders (SUDs) are associated with cognitive and behavioral dysfunction as well as abnormalities of brain structure and function. Functional impairments associated with SUD may be partially explained by cerebellar dysfunction. Individuals with abuse of and/or dependence on alcohol, marijuana, stimulants, opioids, and tobacco have atypical cerebellar volume, differential patterns of cerebellar activation during cognitive tasks, and abnormal structural and functional connectivity between the cerebellum and other brain regions. Cerebellar abnormalities are associated with impaired executive function in individuals with drug and alcohol use disorders, as well as SUD duration, severity, and treatment outcomes. Interestingly, children and adolescents with a family history of SUD, who are at increased risk for drug and alcohol problems, also show structural and functional abnormalities of the cerebellum. Consequently, cerebellar dysfunction in individuals with SUD may reflect both premorbid risk factors for addiction and the neurotoxic consequences of drugs and alcohol on the brain. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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