| Popis: |
URGERY of the head and neck region involves sharing the airway. There may be an acute sympathetic response caused by airway manipulation or use of epinephrine or cocaine for vasoconstriction. Common causes of dysrhythmia during head and neck surgery include vagal reflexes, carotid sinus stimulation, epinephrine and volatile anesthetics agents interaction, hypoxia, hypercapnia, and inappropriate anesthetic depth] Head and neck surgery may be associated with substantial and rapid blood loss, for example, radical neck dissection for cancer of head and neck, epitaxis ligation, tonsillectomy, glottic tumors. |
