| Popis: |
Educational attainment is important from a societal and individual perspective. Leaving high school or upper secondary education without a diploma, referred as a dropout often creates severe difficulties for people in entering – and remaining in – the labour market, as well as problems with social integration in the society (Christle et al., 2007; Heckman, 2008; Ream & Rumberger, 2008; Traag & Van der Velden, 2011). School dropout is also associated with disadvantages throughout their lifetime including lower lifetime earnings, higher incarceration rates, more preventable health-related ailments, more family/marriage instability, increased reliance on social programs, and shorter life expectancy (Loiselle, 2013).Although students’ school dropout and attainment is a targeted problem in all countries, it varies across countries (OECD, 2014). School is an important arena where children and adolescents can develop academically, socially, and emotionally. Considering that Students with NDDs typically struggle in all these areas (APA, 2013) they are at high risk in terms of dropout rate. Some research has been conducted on school dropout, to what extent different neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) is associated with school dropout and whether there are differences across disorders is unclear (Doren et al., 2014). This review will assess the relationship between neurodevelopmental disorders and school dropout, including educational attainment educational completion school leaving and school exclusion. We plan to search for published and unpublished studies in bibliographic databases (e.g., ERIC, PsychInfo, PubMed) and GoogleScholar. To be included in the review,studies will have to focus on students with the following NDD conditions: intellectual disability, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (hereafter ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (hereafter: ASD) and Developmental Language Disorders (DLD). We will review the empirical studies that have investigated to what extent students with these diagnoses completed their education with a certificate or a degree, or re-enrolled until they complete their degree. |
