Impact of Variegated Temperature, CO2 and Relative Humidity on Survival and Development of Beet Armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) under Controlled Growth Chamber

Autor: Suraj Prashad Mishra, Rajendra S. Munghate, Jagdish Jaba, Naveen Kumar Arora
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: American Journal of Climate Change. :357-370
ISSN: 2167-9509
2167-9495
DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2020.94022
Popis: Climate change will have a noteworthy bearing on survival, development, and population dynamics of insect pests. Therefore, we contemplated the survival and development of beet army worm, Spodoptera exigua under different temperatures, (15˚C, 25˚C, 35˚C, and 45˚C), CO2 (350, 550, 750 ppm) and relative humidity (55%, 65%, 75% and 85%) regimes. Maximum larval and pupal weights were recorded in insects reared at 25˚C. The growth of S. exigua was faster at 35˚C (larval period 7.4 days and pupal period 4.5 days) than at lower temperatures. At 15˚C, the larval period was extended for 61.4 days and there was no adult emergence from the pupae till 90 days. The S. exigua hatchling was absent at 45˚C. The larval survival ranged from 31.6% - 57.2%, maximum survival was recorded at 25˚C, and minimum at 45˚C. The maximum (84.27%) and minimum adult emergence were recorded in insects reared at 25˚C and 35˚C respectively. Maximum fecundity (384.3 eggs/female) and egg viability (51.97%) were recorded in insects reared at 25˚C. Larval and pupal periods increased with an increase in CO2 concentration. The highest pupal weights (128.6 mg/larva) were recorded at 550 ppm. The highest larval survival (73.50%) was recorded at 550 ppm and minimum (37.00%) at 750 ppm CO2. Fecundity was the highest in insects reared at 550 ppm CO2 (657.4 eggs/female), and the lowest at 750 ppm. Maximum larval and pupal weights were recorded in insects reared at 75% relative humidity (RH). The growth rate of S. exigua was faster at 85% RH than at lower RH. The larval survival ranged between 40.0% - 58.5%. Maximum adult emergence (88.91%) was recorded in insects reared at 75% RH and minimum at 85% RH. Maximum fecundity (447.6 eggs/female) and the highest egg viability (72.95%) were recorded in insects reared at 75% and 65% RH respectively. Elevated temperatures and relative moistness will diminish the life cycle, while hoisted CO2 will drag the life expectancy. Therefore, there is a need for thorough assessment of the impact of climatic factors on the population dynamics of insect pests, crop losses, and sustainability of crop production.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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