Effects of polyethylene microplastics on the acute toxicity of a synthetic pyrethroid to midge larvae (Chironomus tepperi) in synthetic and river water
| Autor: | Shima Ziajahromi, Frederic D.L. Leusch, Peta A. Neale, Anupama Kumar |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Pollutant
chemistry.chemical_classification Microplastics Environmental Engineering Pyrethroid 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Bifenthrin 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Pollution Acute toxicity Bioavailability chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry Environmental chemistry Toxicity Environmental Chemistry Organic matter Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Science of The Total Environment. 671:971-975 |
| ISSN: | 0048-9697 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.425 |
| Popis: | Microplastics are ubiquitous pollutants in the aquatic environment. However, our understanding of the interaction of chemicals, particularly synthetic pyrethroids, with microplastics and the potential toxic effects of sorbed contaminants on aquatic organisms under realistic conditions is still extremely limited. In this study, we examined whether the presence of polyethylene (PE) microplastics can affect the acute toxicity of the synthetic pyrethroid bifenthrin to an invertebrate Chironomus tepperi in both synthetic and river water. Bifenthrin alone was, as expected, acutely toxic to exposed larvae (LC50 of 0.5 mu g/L after 48 h exposure). The addition of microplastics to synthetic water significantly reduced the toxicity of bifenthrin (apparent LC50 = 1.3 mu g/L), most likely because sorption of bifenthrin to microplastics reduced its bioavailability to the exposed larvae. A sorption capacity experiment showed that >92% of bifenthrin was sorbed to microplastics. In river water containing 9.6 mg/L organic carbon, bifenthrin alone was less toxic (LC50 = 1.3 mu g/L) than in synthetic water. Strikingly, the addition of microplastics to river water did not mitigate bifenthrin toxicity (apparent LC50 = 1.4 mu g/L), most likely due to greater interaction of bifenthrin with organic carbon than with microplastics. While PE microplastics reduced the negative effects of bifenthrin in synthetic water, the presence of organic carbon in river water without microplastics also reduced toxicity. This suggests that while sorption of contaminants to microplastics does occur, it may not be as relevant under environmentally realistic conditions with mg/L concentrations of organic matter. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect