Evaluating the Accuracy of RANS Wind Flow Modeling Over Forested Terrain. Part 2: Impact on Capacity Factor for Moderately Complex Topography
| Autor: | Jonathon Sumner, Viridiana G. Morales Garza, Christian Masson, Jörn Nathan |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Complex topography
Meteorology Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment 020209 energy Energy Engineering and Power Technology Terrain 02 engineering and technology Capacity factor Wind speed 020401 chemical engineering Wind flow 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering 0204 chemical engineering Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations Geology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Solar Energy Engineering. 142 |
| ISSN: | 1528-8986 0199-6231 |
| Popis: | This study evaluates the uncertainty in speed-up factors predicted using the Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes equations to model flow over moderately complex forested terrain and considers its effect on the uncertainty in wind energy calculations. All simulations are solved using the open-source software openfoam v.2.4.0 with a modified k–ε turbulence closure. The forest drag effect is calculated with two models: a displacement height model and a canopy model that estimates the pressure loss due to the forest through analogy with porous media. Two years of concurrent wind data from three meteorological masts at a potential wind farm site in Canada are used for validation purposes. In all, these experimental data are compared with the predictions of four wind flow models: (A) a terrain only model, (B) a displacement height model, (C) a uniform forest canopy model, and (D) a non-uniform forest canopy model. Overall, the canopy models provide better agreement with the mean statistical results than the displacement height model. In this case, the 2.76% uncertainty in the speed-up factor associated with the wind flow predictions of the non-uniform forest distribution model leads to an uncertainty in the energy calculation of just 5.94%. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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