| Popis: |
It is now well accepted that neuromodulators play a critical role in the control of behavior (for review, see Katz 1999). These versatile compounds adjust neuronal function at every level of the nervous system, from sensory reception through central neural networks to the neuromuscular junction, to make movements adaptive to the situation of the moment. The monoamines serotonin (5HT), octopamine (Oct), and dopamine (DA) have been the focus of many studies of neuromodulation in the Crustacea. These amines have been studied at many levels of analysis, from the behavioral (summarized in the chapter by Kravitz and Beltz, this Vol.) to the molecular. In this chapter, we will review the cellular mechanisms used by amines to shape neural activity in crustacean nervous systems. In addition, we will summarize recent progress in molecular biological approaches to crustacean neurobiology, which offer great promise in deepening our understanding of the substrates for neuromodulation. |
