| Popis: |
Background Pork cutting is a very important processing in promoting economic appreciation in the pig industry chain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the proportion and weight of carcass cuts, and to analyze the effects of breeds or hybrids, sex and carcass weight on meat cuts. Simultaneously, explore the correlation between meat segmentation and carcass traits. Methods The sampled pigs were raised in Muyuan Food Co., Ltd. (Henan, China) under constant and consistent feeding environment and uniformly slaughtered at 180 days following standard pig slaughter processing. A total of 2,000 pigs from four genotypes of Landrace (LD), Yorkshire (YK), Landrace × Yorkshire (LY) and Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) were sampled and measured for 19 classes carcass cuts traits including its weights and proportions and 10 carcass traits relating to carcass length and back fat products. Effects of carcass weight, sex and genotype on meat cuts and carcass traits were investigated by linear model using home-made R scripts. Results The proportion of the middle cut increasing and proportion of the shoulder and leg cut decreasing as carcass weights increasing. More specifically, proportion of backfat increased the highest and the thickness of four-point backfat was significantly increasing with carcass weights increasing, which hint that fat deposition is the major step in the late growth stage. Besides, the proportion of shoulder cut and backfat in barrows are significantly higher than that in sows, while the leg cut is the opposite. The proportion of the middle cut and shoulder cut are the highest in LD and DLY respectively. We also found that the effects of carcass weight, sex and breed for carcass traits are consistent with cutting meats. Furthermore, the correlation between the proportions of most cutting meats and carcass traits was low. Conclusions The effects of carcass weight, sex and genotype on the weight and proportion of most cutting meats and carcass traits reflect the characteristic of breeds and its differential character of growth to fatten developments between sex. The above results laid an important foundation for the breeding of pig carcass composition. |
