Development of bryozoan fouling on cultivated kelp (Saccharina latissima) in Norway

Autor: Silje Forbord, Geir Johnsen, Aleksander Handå, Henny Førde, Julia Fossberg, Kjell Inge Reitan, Johanne Arff
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Applied Phycology. 28:1225-1234
ISSN: 1573-5176
0921-8971
DOI: 10.1007/s10811-015-0606-5
Popis: Biofouling on cultivated kelp in open sea conditions is a challenge when fouling species such as the encrusting bryozoans Membranipora membranacea and Electra pilosa develop colonies that cover the surface of the kelp lamina. The bryozoan colonies make the flexible lamina brittle and susceptible to breakage and reduce the commercial value of the biomass for both human consumption and industrial applications. The development of the bryozoan fouling on cultivated Saccharina latissima in temperate coastal waters was studied at two locations in Norway from April to September. The time of settling and development of colonies of M. membranacea and E. pilosa were characterized. Sampling of bryozoan larvae abundance at the cultivation locations showed that the bryozoan colonies settled on the cultivated kelp in mid-June at both locations, followed by a rapid colony growth during late June and July. In August and September, the kelp was highly degraded by the bryozoan coverage and highly subjected to breakage of the lamina. Membranipora membranacea was the most prevailing of the two species. Although abundant at all cultivation depths, the results showed a decrease in bryozoan coverage with increasing depth. From a commercial point of view, S. latissima deployed in temperate Norwegian coastal waters in winter should be harvested in early June to avoid the negative impact from bryozoan fouling.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: