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Byproducts of cellular respiration, including carbon dioxide, must be removed from cells immediately, through the circulation and finally to the outside of the body via the respiratory system to enable continuation of life and bodily functions. Understanding of the mutagenic development of cancers has led toward the development of novel treatment approaches, however an understanding of the basic architecture of the organ and its development helps. Therefore, in this chapter, the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system are reviewed, including the embryonic development of the respiratory system followed by gross anatomy, innervation, blood circulation, and the microscopic structure of the lung and thoracic cavity. Then, the mechanism of breathing, pulmonary ventilation, and regulation of breathing are reviewed. |
