| Popis: |
Quick and reliable detection and diagnosis of virus infection in agricultural crops are critical to prevent the spread of the virus and check yield losses, because at several occasions, infected seed materials seem symptomless. Seed diagnosis can shun hysterical and long-distance movement of viruses through seed and planting material. Additionally, this will control injudicious application of agrochemicals and the introduction of health hazardous toxic chemicals into the environment. Several approaches based on the biological, biochemical, immunological, and nucleic acid properties of viruses have been developed for the reliable, sensitive, and specific detection and differentiation of viruses and their strains in seeds. The most widely used method is conventional PCR, and presently, improved versions of PCR-based assays such as nested PCR, multiplex PCR, and real-time PCR have been reported to detect seed-transmitted viral load in various crops. Recently, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) have been explored for their application in diagnostics of seed-borne viruses. Briefly, the present chapter outlines and discusses the conventional and innovative diagnostic techniques that have been reported to monitor and identify the seed-borne viruses in different food crops. |
