| Popis: |
Aortotracheobronchial (A-T-B) fistulas are very rare and usually cause massive hemoptysis. Mediastinal vascular fistula involving the trachea or bronchi most commonly occurs as a result of atherosclerotic aneurysms, tracheal or carinal grafting, trauma, mediastinal neoplasms, or open vascular grafting. Thoracic aortic aneurysms (primary or secondary), pseudoaneurysms, and vascular anastomosis erosion and graft infection are the usual causes for these vascular fistula lesions. Accurate diagnosis using CTA, MRI, or angiography will establish the diagnosis in most patients. Surgical treatment leads to the best survival, and many use the endograft, either as a temporizing or a definitive treatment, as their preferred initial approach. Secondary aortocutaneous fistulas due to graft infection are very rare. |
