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Effect of organic fertilizer as compost (20 m3 fed-1), N-biofertilization (cyanobacteria Azospirillum, Azotobacter inoculations and mix of previous inoculations) and mineral nitrogen fertilization application rates (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg N fed-1) on wheat grain and straw yields, N-uptake and nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE) were studied for wheat crop (Triticum aestivum, L.), variety Sakha 93. Two field trials at El-Serw Agricultural Research Station, Dammietta governorate through winter season 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 were conducted. The results showed that wheat grain and straw yields and N-uptake in grain and straw increased with use of mineral fertilizer rates up to 90 kg N fed-1, but N utilization efficiency for wheat crop was decreased. As well as these results showed that a mixture of bio-fertilizers, cyanobacteria, Azotobacer and Azospirillum inoculations, respectively gave the highest values of the previous parameters except the NUtE, where the order of values was upward with the order of the previous inoculations. Also, the results showed that the use of organic fertilizer as a compost gave the highest values of wheat grain and straw yields and N-uptake in grain and straw and the lowest values of NUtE. Organic fertilizer + a mixture of bio-fertilizers + 90 kg N fed-1 gave the highest wheat grain and straw yields and N-uptake and gave the lowest N utilization efficiency. In addition, applying organic fertilizer + mix or BGA or Azotobacer inoculation could produce economic wheat grain and straw yields when it combined with 30 kg N fed-1 and in the same time, this treatment gave high N utilization efficiency and thus saves in mineral fertilization, which may lose when applying the full recommended dose and conserves environment by reducing pollution hazards. |
