| Popis: |
The majority of chemical mutagens and/or carcinogens interact with cellular DNA and are extremely potent in inducing chromosome damage in mammalian cells. A recent review of chromosomal aberration tests in vitro, on 951 chemical substances, from over 240 published papers indicated that about 93% (91/98) of well-known carcinogens were positive (clastogenic) in the system with or without metabolic activation, using either primary cultured cells or established cell line cells (Ishidate et al. 1988). Of the substances which were positive in the gene mutation assays in bacteria (Ames test), about 97% (176/181) were also positive in the chromosome test, while of those negative in the Ames test, about 90% (122/135) were positive in the chromosome test (Table 1). |
