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Aim of Study: To assess risk factors associated with DKA among T1DM children registered at “Heraa Diabetes Center”, Makkah Al-Mokarramah City, Saudi Arabia. Patients and Methods: A retrospective hospital-based, case-control research design was followed and included 375 diabetic patients aged less than 15 years. The “Study Group” included 125 children who had a past history of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA Group), while the “Control Group” comprised 250 diabetic children who did not have past history of DKA. A data collection sheet was designed by the researchers. Results: There was significantly more positive family history in the DKA group than the control group (78.4% and 68%, respectively, p=0.036). The mothers were the main person who injects the child. Differences between both study groups according to the person who injects the child was statistically significant (p=0.029). DKA occurred more than once in 59.2% of diabetic children, and in 46.4% of children with over-activity. The main presenting symptoms of DKA were polyuria, thirst and vomiting. The main causes and triggering factors were eating too many sweets (65.6%), missing blood sugar monitoring (57.6%), omitting the insulin dose (22.4%), or infection (12.8%). Children in the control group were significantly more compliant than those in the DKA group regarding daily measurement of blood sugar (82.8% and 71.2%, respectively, p=0.009), timely receiving treatment (96% and 82.4%, respectively, p |
