Toxicity of carbon dots – Effect of surface functionalization on the cell viability, reactive oxygen species generation and cell cycle
| Autor: | Jiri Tucek, Martin Petr, Josef Skopalik, Markéta Havrdová, Katerina Hola, Klára Čépe, Radek Zboril, Katerina Tomankova, Katerina Polakova, Athanasios B. Bourlinos |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Polyethylenimine
Materials science Biocompatibility 02 engineering and technology General Chemistry Cell cycle 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences 0104 chemical sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Biochemistry chemistry Quantum dot Biophysics Surface modification General Materials Science Viability assay 0210 nano-technology Cytotoxicity Intracellular |
| Zdroj: | Carbon. 99:238-248 |
| ISSN: | 0008-6223 |
| Popis: | Carbon dots (CDs) are fluorescent nanoprobes offering a great potential in biological and medical applications due to their superior biocompatibility compared to metal chalcogenide quantum dots (e.g., CdSe). Key factors determining their cytotoxicity and cellular/intracellular tracking involve chemical nature and charge of surface functional groups. For the first time, we present a comprehensive cytotoxic study including cell cycle analysis of carbon dots differing in surface functionalization, namely pristine CDs (CDs-Pri) with negative charge due to carboxylic groups, polyethyleneglycol modified dots with neutral charge (CDs-PEG), and polyethylenimine coated dots with a positive charge (CDs-PEI). The CDs in vitro toxicity was studied on standard mouse fibroblasts (NIH/3T3). The results suggest that neutral CDs-PEG are the most promising for biological applications as they do not induce any abnormalities in cell morphology, intracellular trafficking, and cell cycle up to concentrations of 300 μg mL−1. Negatively charged CDs-Pri arrested the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, stimulated proliferation and led to higher oxidative stress, however they did not enter the cell nucleus. In contrast, positively charged CDs-PEI are the most cytotoxic, entering into the cell nucleus and inducing the largest changes in G0/G1 phase of cell cycle, even at concentrations of around 100 μg mL−1. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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