Calcite Reinforced Silica-Silica Joints in the Biocomposite Skeleton of Deep-Sea Glass Sponges
| Autor: | Eike Brunner, Martin Kammer, Vasily V. Bazhenov, René Born, Joseph P. Botting, Serguei L. Molodtsov, Adam P. Summers, Denis V. Kurek, Petros G. Koutsoukos, Paul Simon, Kurt Kummer, Armin Springer, Hermann Ehrlich, Denis V. Vyalikh, Stanislav N. Gorb, Kontantin R. Tabachnick, Alexander Kovalev |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Calcite
Materials science food.ingredient biology Hexactinellid Mineralogy Condensed Matter Physics biology.organism_classification Deep sea Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials Biomaterials Sponge chemistry.chemical_compound Sponge spicule Caulophacus food chemistry Chemical engineering Electrochemistry Biocomposite Biomineralization |
| Zdroj: | Advanced Functional Materials. 21:3473-3481 |
| ISSN: | 1616-301X |
| DOI: | 10.1002/adfm.201100749 |
| Popis: | The hierarchically structured glass sponge Caulophacus species uses the first known example of a silica and calcite biocomposite to join the spicules of its skeleton together. In the stalk and body skeleton of this poorly known deep-sea glass sponge siliceous spicules are modified by the addition of conical calcite seeds, which then form the basis for further silica secretion to form a spinose region. Spinose regions on adjacent spicules are then joined by siliceous crosslinks, leading to unusually strong cross-spicule linkages. In addition to the biomaterials implications it is now clear, from this first record of a biomineral other than silica, that the hexactinellid sponges are capable of synthesizing calcite, the ancestral skeletal material. We propose that, while the low concentrations of calcium in deep sea waters drove the evolution of silica skeletons, the brittleness of silica has led to retention of the more resilient calcite in very low concentrations at the skeletal joints. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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